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1.
RFO UPF ; 27(1): 41-57, 08 ago. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1509383

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, in vitro, o potencial erosivo para o esmalte dentário de bebidas ácidas, comumente ingeridas pela população e encontradas com frequência no comércio da grande Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. Método: a mensuração do potencial erosivo das bebidas foi realizada através da detecção do potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) e acidez titulável (AT). A amostra foi composta por refrigerantes à base de cola, Coca-Cola® e Pepsi®; isotônicos Gatorade®-morango e maracujá e Powerade®-mix de frutas; Chás industrializados Natural Tea®-limão e Chá Matte Leão®-natural; energéticos Red Bull® e Monster Energy®; sucos naturais de Laranja Pera e de Limão Taiti; água saborizada H2OH!®-sabor limão; e água mineral, para o grupo controle. O pH foi aferido com pHmetro digital (Sensoglass SP1800) e para a AT foi utilizado o método padronizado pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz, todos os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata. Para a análise estatística descritiva, foram empregados teste t e a ANOVA. Resultados: os menores valores de pH foram encontrados para a bebida Coca-Cola® e suco de limão com 2,3. Para AT, as amostras que apresentaram os maiores valores foram os sucos naturais, com 35,1 para o suco de limão e 13,5 para o suco de laranja. Todas as bebidas analisadas possuem potencial erosivo ao esmalte dental, por apresentarem valores de pH menores que 5,5. Quanto as mensurações de AT, os sucos naturais apresentaram os maiores valores. Conclusão: todas as bebidas do estudo foram consideradas iminentemente erosivas à estrutura dental.(AU)


Objetivo: o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, in vitro, o potencial erosivo para o esmalte dentário de bebidas ácidas, comumente ingeridas pela população e encontradas com frequência no comércio da grande Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. Método: a mensuração do potencial erosivo das bebidas foi realizada através da detecção do potencial hidrogeniônico (pH) e acidez titulável (AT). A amostra foi composta por refrigerantes à base de cola, Coca-Cola® e Pepsi®; isotônicos Gatorade®-morango e maracujá e Powerade®-mix de frutas; Chás industrializados Natural Tea®-limão e Chá Matte Leão®-natural; energéticos Red Bull® e Monster Energy®; sucos naturais de Laranja Pera e de Limão Taiti; água saborizada H2OH!®-sabor limão; e água mineral, para o grupo controle. O pH foi aferido com pHmetro digital (Sensoglass SP1800) e para a AT foi utilizado o método padronizado pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz, todos os ensaios foram realizados em triplicata. Para a análise estatística descritiva, foram empregados teste t e a ANOVA. Resultados: os menores valores de pH foram encontrados para a bebida Coca-Cola® e suco de limão com 2,3. Para AT, as amostras que apresentaram os maiores valores foram os sucos naturais, com 35,1 para o suco de limão e 13,5 para o suco de laranja. Todas as bebidas analisadas possuem potencial erosivo ao esmalte dental, por apresentarem valores de pH menores que 5,5. Quanto as mensurações de AT, os sucos naturais apresentaram os maiores valores. Conclusão: todas as bebidas do estudo foram consideradas iminentemente erosivas à estrutura dental.(AU)


Subject(s)
Sodium Hydroxide/analysis , Tooth Erosion/chemically induced , Beverages , Analysis of Variance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Dental Enamel , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 743-748, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514297

ABSTRACT

Con el objetivo de conservar material cadavérico, se han creado diferentes técnicas y/o soluciones donde una técnica es la diafanización dental para estudiar la morfología interna del diente. Esta técnica consta en trasparentar el tejido calcificado del diente haciendo visible los conductos radiculares al inyectar una mezcla colorante en ellos. Se han descrito diferentes variantes de la técnica de diafanización como la técnica de Okumura y la técnica de Robertson, pero ambas técnicas utilizan reactivos tóxicos o de difícil acceso, por lo que se ha realizado una búsqueda de reactivos de bajo costo y fácil acceso para realizar la técnica de diafanización, reportándose que la técnica de diafanización por maceración con KOH es válida para diafanizar dientes. El objetivo del presente estudio fue utilizar NaOH en la técnica de diafanización dental por maceración, como una variante de KOH al ser una base de similar característica que el KOH. Se utilizaron 13 dientes (siete tercer molares, cinco premolares y un canino) para realizar tres variantes de la técnica de diafanización: técnica de Robertson, por maceración con KOH y por maceración con NaOH utilizando barra agitadora y agitador magnético en los dientes. Con la técnica de Robertson se obtuvo un diente completamente transparentado, mientras que los dientes diafanizados por maceración, tanto con KOH y NaOH, se transparentaron menos, aunque se hicieron visibles los conductos radiculares, por lo que el uso de NaOH en la técnica de diafanización por maceración es válida, aunque requiere más tiempo que la maceración por KOH.


SUMMARY: To preserve cadaveric material, different techniques, and solutions have been created where one technique is dental diaphanization to study the internal morphology of the tooth. This technique consists of making the calcified tooth tissue transparent and making the root canals visible by injecting a dye mixture into them. Different variants of the diaphanization technique have been described, such as the Okumura and the Robertson techniques. However, both techniques use toxic or difficult-to-access reagents, so a search has been made for low- cost and easily accessible reagents to perform the diaphanization technique, reporting that the diaphanization technique by maceration with KOH is valid for the diaphanization of teeth. This study aimed to use NaOH in the dental clearing technique by maceration as a variant of KOH since it is a base with similar characteristics to KOH. Thirteen teeth (seven third molars, five premolars, and one canine) were used to perform three variants of the diaphanization technique: Robertson technique, KOH maceration, and NaOH maceration using a stirring bar and magnetic stirrer on the teeth. With the Robertson technique, a completely transparent tooth was obtained, while the teeth cleared by maceration, with both KOH and NaOH, were less transparent, although the root canals became visible. Therefore, using NaOH in the diaphanization technique by maceration is valid, although it requires more time than KOH maceration.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sodium Hydroxide , Tooth/anatomy & histology , Coloring Agents , Decalcification Technique
3.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 2949-2957, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-981427

ABSTRACT

This study aims to improve the solubility and bioavailability of daidzein by preparing the β-cyclodextrin-daidzein/PEG_(20000)/Carbomer_(940) nanocrystals. Specifically, the nanocrystals were prepared with daidzein as a model drug, PEG_(20000), Carbomer_(940), and NaOH as a plasticizer, a gelling agent, and a crosslinking agent, respectively. A two-step method was employed to prepare the β-cyclodextrin-daidzein/PEG_(20000)/Carbomer_(940) nanocystals. First, the insoluble drug daidzein was embedded in β-cyclodextrin to form inclusion complexes, which were then encapsulated in the PEG_(20000)/Carbomer_(940) nanocrystals. The optimal mass fraction of NaOH was determined as 0.8% by the drug release rate, redispersability, SEM morphology, encapsulation rate, and drug loading. The inclusion status of daidzein nanocrystals was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), and X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis to verify the feasibility of the preparation. The prepared nanocrystals showed the average Zeta potential of(-30.77±0.15)mV and(-37.47±0.64)mV and the particle sizes of(333.60±3.81)nm and(544.60±7.66)nm before and after daidzein loading, respectively. The irregular distribution of nanocrystals before and after daidzein loading was observed under SEM. The redispersability experiment showed high dispersion efficiency of the nanocrystals. The in vitro dissolution rate of nanocrystals in intestinal fluid was significantly faster than that of daidzein, and followed the first-order drug release kinetic model. XRD, FTIR, and TGA were employed to determine the polycrystalline properties, drug loading, and thermal stability of the nanocrystals before and after drug loading. The nanocrystals loaded with daidzein demonstrated obvious antibacterial effect. The nanocrystals had more significant inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa than daidzein because of the improved solubility of daidzein. The prepared nanocrystals can significantly increase the dissolution rate and oral bioavailability of the insoluble drug daidzein.


Subject(s)
Sodium Hydroxide , Acrylic Resins , Escherichia coli , Nanoparticles
4.
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica ; (24): 951-957, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970566

ABSTRACT

The present study investigated the effect of immersion in the excipient lime water on the toxic component lectin protein and explained the scientific connotation of lime water detoxication during the processing of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum. Western blot was used to investigate the effects of immersion in lime water with different pH(pH 10, 11, and 12.4), saturated sodium hydroxide, and sodium bicarbonate solution on the content of lectin protein. The protein compositions of the supernatant and the precipitate after immersing lectin protein in lime water of different pH were determined by the SDS-PAGE method combined with the silver staining technique. The MALDI-TOF-MS/MS technique was used to detect the molecular weight distribution of peptide fragments in the supernatant and precipitate after immersing lectin protein in lime water of different pH, and circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to detect the ratio changes in the secondary structure of lectin protein during the immersion. The results showed that immersion in lime water at pH>12 and saturated sodium hydroxide solution could significantly reduce the content of lectin protein, while immersion in lime water at pH<12 and sodium bicarbonate solution had no significant effect on lectin protein content. The corresponding lectin protein bands and molecular ion peaks were not detected at the 12 kDa position in the supernatant and precipitate after immersing the lectin protein in lime water at pH>12, which was attributed to the fact that lime water immersion at pH>12 could significantly change the ratio of the secondary structure of lectin protein, resulting in irreversible denaturation, while lime water immersion at pH<12 did not change the ratio of the secondary structure of lectin protein. Therefore, pH>12 was the key condition for the detoxication of lime water during the processing of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum. Lime water immersion at pH>12 could cause irreversible denaturation of lectin protein, resulting in a significant decrease in the inflammatory toxicity of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, which played a key role in detoxification.


Subject(s)
Lectins , Pinellia , Sodium Bicarbonate , Sodium Hydroxide , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Water
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 72(5): 1947-1958, Sept.-Oct. 2020. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1131542

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar a destoxificação da torta de mamona bruta (TMB), por meio de dois produtos alcalinos em diferentes concentrações, e seus efeitos sobre a composição química, a degradabilidade in situ da MS e o fracionamento de proteínas. Utilizou-se o hidróxido de cálcio [Ca(OH)2] e o hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) em duas concentrações (60 e 90 gramas), diluídos em quatro quantidades de água (1.000; 1.500; 2.000 e 2.500mL de água por quilo de TMB). Observou-se que, das diferentes concentrações utilizadas, somente a utilização de 90 e 60 gramas de Ca(OH)2 e NaOH, respectivamente, conseguiu destoxificar 100% da TMB, ambas diluídas em 2.000mL de água. Por outro lado, ao avaliar o tempo mínimo de contato dos reagentes com a TMB para uma máxima destoxificação, observou-se que três horas de contato é o tempo necessário para os reagentes diminuírem em 100% as proteínas citotóxicas, além de não deixar atividade hemaglutinante nesse material. A destoxificação com o NaOH proporcionou maior degradação das proteínas solúveis e da matéria seca, favorecendo a disponibilização do nitrogênio não proteico, estando sua aplicação em escala industrial na dependência de estudos sobre viabilidade operacional e econômica.(AU)


This study aimed to evaluate the detoxification of crude castor (DCC) through two alkaline products in different concentrations and their effects on the chemical composition, in situ degradability of DM and the fractionation of proteins. We used the calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in two concentrations (60 and 90 grams) diluted in 4 quantities of water (1,000; 1,500; 2,000 and 2,500ml of water per kilo of DCC). It was observed that in the different concentrations used, only the use of 90 and 60 grams of Ca(OH)2 and NaOH, respectively managed to detoxify 100% of the DCC, both diluted in 2,000ml of water. On the other hand, when assessing the minimum time of contact of the reagents with the DCC for maximum detoxification, it was observed that with three hours of contact is the time required for the reagents decrease in 100% of the cytotoxic proteins, in addition to not leave haemagglutinating activity in this material. The detoxification with NaOH provided greater degradation of soluble proteins and degradation of dry matter, favoring the provision of non-protein nitrogen, while its application on an industrial scale is in the dependence of studies on operational feasibility and cost.(AU)


Subject(s)
Ricinus/toxicity , Ricinus/chemistry , Sodium Hydroxide/administration & dosage , Calcium Hydroxide/administration & dosage , Inactivation, Metabolic , Plants, Toxic/toxicity , Alkalies/administration & dosage
6.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 70(4): 357-363, July-Aug. 2020. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137204

ABSTRACT

Abstract Study objective: In this study, we aimed to compare the antimicrobial effects of bupivacaine and fentanyl citrate and to reveal the impact on antimicrobial effect potential in the case of combined use. Design: In vitro prospective study. Setting: University Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Measurements: In our study, in vitro antimicrobial effect of 0.05 mg.mL-1 fentanyl citrate, 5 mg.mL-1 bupivacaine were tested against Staphylococcus aureus American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 29213, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 as Group F (Fentanyl Citrate) and Group B (Bupivacaine), respectively. S. aureus ATCC 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were cultured onto Mueller Hinton agar (Oxoid, UK) plates and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were cultured onto Sabouraud dextrose agar (Oxoid, UK) plates for 18-24 hours at 37 °C. Main results: In terms of inhibition zone diameters, S. Aureus ATCC 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and C. albicans ATCC10231 values obtained after 12 and 24 hours of incubation ​​were significantly higher in Group F than Group B (p < 0.001). In terms of inhibition zone diameters, E. coli ATCC 25922, and K. pneumomiae ATCC 13883 values obtained after 12 and 24 hours of incubation ​​were significantly higher in Group B than Group F (p < 0.001, E. coli 12ª hour p = 0.005). Conclusions: Addition of fentanyl to Local Anesthetics (LAs) is often preferred in regional anesthesia applications in today's practice owing especially to its effect on decreasing the local anesthetic dose and increasing analgesia quality and patient satisfaction. However, when the fact that fentanyl antagonized the antimicrobial effects of LAs in the studies is taken into account, it might be though that it contributes to an increase in infection complications. When the fact that fentanyl citrate which was used in our study and included hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide as protective agents, broadened the antimicrobial effect spectrum of LAs, had no antagonistic effect and showed a synergistic antimicrobial effect against E. Coli is considered, we are of the opinion that the addition of fentanyl to LAs would contribute significantly in preventing the increasing regional anesthesia infection complications.


Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar os efeitos antimicrobianos da bupivacaína e citrato de fentanil e revelar o impacto no potencial do efeito antimicrobiano no caso de uso combinado. Desenho: Estudo prospectivo in vitro. Local: Laboratório de Microbiologia Clínica da Universidade. Medidas: Em nosso estudo, os efeitos antimicrobianos in vitro do citrato de fentanil na concentração de 0,05 mg.mL-1 - Grupo F e da bupivacaína na concentração de 5 mg.mL-1 - Grupo B foram testados em culturas de Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 (do inglês American Type Culture Collection 29213), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 e Candida albicans ATCC 10231. As culturas de S. aureus ATCC 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 13883 e Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 foram semeadas em placas de ágar Mueller Hinton (Oxoid, Reino Unido), e a cultura de Candida albicans ATCC 10231 foi realizada em placa de ágar Sabouraud dextrose (Oxoid, Reino Unido) durante 18-24 horas a 37 °C. Principais resultados: Com relação ao diâmetro da zona de inibição, os valores de S. aureus ATCC 29213, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 e C. albicans ATCC10231 obtidos após 12 e 24 horas de incubação foram significantemente maiores no Grupo F do que no Grupo B (p < 0,001). Os valores do diâmetro da zona de inibição das culturas de E. coli ATCC 25922 e K. pneumomiae ATCC 13883 obtidos após 12 e 24 horas de incubação foram significantemente maiores no Grupo B do que no Grupo F (p < 0,001, E. coli na 12ª hora p = 0,005) Conclusões: A preferência atual e frequente pela adição de fentanil aos Anestésicos Locais (AL) para a realização de anestesia regional se deve sobretudo à possibilidade de redução da dose do anestésico local, a melhora na qualidade da analgesia e a satisfação do paciente. No entanto, ao considerar estudos em que o fentanil antagonizou o efeito antimicrobiano dos AL, pode-se pensar que esse fato contribua para aumento de complicação infecciosa. O citrato de fentanil usado em nosso estudo, contendo ácido clorídrico e hidróxido de sódio como agentes conservantes, ampliou o espectro de efeitos antimicrobianos dos AL, não teve efeito antagônico e demonstrou efeito antimicrobiano sinérgico contra a E. coli. Acreditamos que a adição de fentanil aos anestésicos locais traria importante contribuição na prevenção das crescentes complicações por infecção da anestesia regional.


Subject(s)
Bupivacaine/pharmacology , Fentanyl/pharmacology , Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Sodium Hydroxide/pharmacology , Bupivacaine/administration & dosage , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Fentanyl/administration & dosage , Prospective Studies , Drug Synergism , Hydrochloric Acid/pharmacology , Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage , Anti-Infective Agents/administration & dosage
7.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1263862

ABSTRACT

Introduction : l'intoxication aigue de l'enfant est un problème de santé publique. Devant la diversité des produits incriminés, le nombre croissant des cas d'intoxication et de décès enregistrés, cette étude a été réalisée dans l'objectif de déterminer les facteurs pronostics des intoxications aigues de l'enfant en réanimation. Patients et méthodes : il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective, descriptive et analytique réalisée du 1er juin 2017 au 1er juin 2018, incluant les patients âgés de zéro à 15 ans admis en réanimation au CHU de Cocody pour intoxication aigue. Les données épidémio-cliniques, thérapeutiques évolutifs et pronostiques ont été étudiées. La saisie et le traitement des données ont été effectués à l'aide du logiciel Epi Info. Les comparaisons statistiques étaient basées sur le test de Fischer exact avec comme seuil de significativité p < 0,05. Résultats : la prévalence de l'intoxication aigue était de 55% avec un âge moyen de 4,58 ans (six mois - 15 ans). La sex-ratio était de 1,16. Les caustiques et les médicaments étaient les plus incriminés (66,67%) selon un mode de survenue accidentel (94,64%). Le délai moyen d'admission était de deux heures 45 minutes (une et dix heures), avec 79,56% d'admission avant la sixième heure. La symptomatologie étaient de type pulmonaire (53,76%), oto-rhino-laryngologique (35,48%), digestive (18,27%) et neurologique (16,21%). L'automédication (83,87 %) était faite par ingestion forcée d'huile de palme (64,51%). La durée de séjour variait de six heures à cinq jours. La létalité était de 5,37%. Les facteurs de mauvais pronostic étaient les toxiques alimentaires (p=0,00), la présence de signes neurologiques (p=0,00), le long délai d'admission (p =0,02), la longue durée du séjour (p= 0,006) et l'assistance ventilatoire (p=0,03) ; Conclusion : les intoxications aigues et accidentelles étaient fréquentes chez les enfants en bas âge à la maison entre douze heures et dix-huit heures. Les toxiques incriminés étaient les caustiques et les médicaments. L'identification des cinq facteurs pronostiques devrait améliorer la prise en charge ultérieure de tous nouveaux cas


Subject(s)
Cote d'Ivoire , Disorders of Environmental Origin , Drug Misuse , Drug Misuse/prevention & control , Resuscitation , Sodium Hydroxide
8.
Anatomy & Cell Biology ; : 255-261, 2019.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-762238

ABSTRACT

In this study, a restoration process was developed with potassium hydroxide (KOH), in order to improve each of the structures for their posterior fixation, through the use of new methods such as the Chilean conservative fixative solution (SFCCh), with exceptional results. Restore anatomical pieces corresponding to corpse and organs, being these last set with the SFCCh. In this work dealt with processes of restoration with potassium hydroxide, sodium chloride, and sodium hypochlorite, the process began with the cleanliness and suture of the structures for subsequent fixing in Chilean conservative fixative solution, making use of a corpse and different anatomical parts. Work based on items found in the database, Elsevier, Science Direct, ProQuest, and MEDLINE. At the end of the process of restoration and conservation of the anatomical pieces, was observed an improvement in muscle pigment with decrease of rigidity in the specimen, additionally a recovery of appearance in the vascular-nervous elements was achieved. The organs were much more malleable and the structures facilitate the identification of specific details, its subsequent immersion in SFCCh allows the longer preservation of the obtained results. The restoration with potassium hydroxide allows the improvement in the appearance of the different anatomical structures and simultaneously to facilitate its study. The SFCCh is an alternative that replaces partially the use of formaldehyde. In addition, it presents toxicity reduction.


Subject(s)
Cadaver , Formaldehyde , Immersion , Potassium , Sodium Hydroxide , Sodium Hypochlorite , Sutures
9.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 25(2): 47-51, set. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-949791

ABSTRACT

Las sustancias cáusticas son productos químicos capaces de provocar lesiones de diferente gravedad, según sea la concentración del producto, el tiempo de contacto y la vía de ingreso. La exposición es habitual por tratarse de productos utilizados en el hogar como destapacañerías y/o limpiahornos. Los cáusticos alcalinos producen necrosis por licuefacción de los tejidos. La ingesta causa edema, ulceraciones, sangrado, placas blanquecinas e intensa actividad fibroblástica con cicatrización en tres semanas. El esófago se afecta más que el estómago, en especial cuando se trata de productos sólidos o en escamas. La secuela observada es la estenosis esofágica, la cual puede requerir desde procedimientos de dilatación hasta cirugía de reemplazo, con alta morbilidad. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar tres casos clínicos y sus complicaciones a largo plazo; recordar el manejo inicial del paciente que ingiere cáusticos alcalinos, su seguimiento multidisciplinario y resaltar las medidas de prevención para evitar este tipo de accidentes graves.


Caustic are chemical substances capable of causing different degree of lesions, according to the product concentration, the time and the route of contact. The usual exposure is because of their use as household products such as drain openers and oven cleaners. Caustic alkalis produce tissue liquefaction necrosis. Ingestion causes edema, ulceration, bleeding, whitish plaques and intense fibroblastic activity with healing in three weeks. The esophagus is more affected than the stomach, especially when solids are involved. The observed sequel is esophageal stricture, requiring treatments as dilation or replacement surgery, with high morbilidad. The aim of the paper is to report three clinical cases and their long-term complications; review the initial management of patients who ingested caustic alkali, highlighting its multidisciplinary monitoring and prevention measures to avoid such serious accidents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Sodium Hydroxide/adverse effects , Sodium Hydroxide/toxicity , Burns, Chemical , Esophagus/injuries , Caustics/toxicity , Esophageal Stenosis/chemically induced
10.
Article in French | AIM | ID: biblio-1259038

ABSTRACT

Contexte et objectif. Les ingestions de caustiques chez l?enfant sont préoccupantes en raison de l?augmentation de leur fréquence et des difficultés inhérentes à leur prise en charge. L?objectif du présent travail était de décrire le profil clinique, épidémiologique et évolutif des enfants avec lésions caustiques.Méthodes. Il s?est agi d?une étude transversale, réalisée entre les 1er janvier 2014 et 31 décembre 2015, dans les services de Pédiatrie du CHU et les centres d?endoscopie digestive de Brazzaville. Tous les enfants ayant ingéré un produit caustique et hospitalisé pendant la période d?étude ont été inclus après l?obtention du consentement du parent et/ou tuteur légal. Les paramètres étudiés ont été : l?âge, le sexe, la nature et la quantité du produit ingéré, l?attitude de l?entourage de l?intoxiqué, les signes cliniques, les résultats endoscopiques selon la classification de Zargar, les modalités thérapeutiques et évolutives.Résultats. Sur 8292 enfants hospitalisés pendant la période étudiée, 68 avaient ingéré un caustique, soit une fréquence hospitalière de 0,8 %. Leur âge moyen était de 23,6 mois (extrêmes de 2 mois et 16 ans). Le sexe masculin était prédominant (57,4%). L?ingestion était accidentelle dans 88,2% des cas et volontaire dans 11,8% des cas. Les facteurs favorisants l?ingestion étaient fréquemment le mode de stockage du caustique (81,5%) et l?inattention ou négligence du tuteur (10,8%). L?eau de Javel était le caustique le plus incriminé : 37 cas (54,4%), suivi de la soude caustique 20 cas (29,4%). La quantité estimative ingérée était supposée minime dans 61,7% des cas. Des gestes inadaptés ont été pratiqués, par l?entourage avant la consultation médicale chez 45 enfants (66,1%). Les symptômes dominants étaient digestifs (47%) ou neurologiques (25%). Le délai moyen de réalisation de l?endoscopie était de 48 heures chez 60 enfants (88,2%). L?endoscopie avait mise en évidence des lésions dans 51,7% des cas au stade I (12 cas), stade II (16 cas) et stade III (3 cas). Les facteurs de gravité des lésions caustiques étaient les gestes inadéquats dans 85% des cas et le non-respect du jeûne dans 9%. Les Inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons (IPP) étaient administrés dans 50% des cas. L?évolution était favorable dans 73,5% des cas.Conclusion. Les lésions caustiques rendent compte de près d?un percent d?admissions infantiles hospitalières. Elles sont le plus souvent accidentelles, favorisées par le mode de conditionnement des produits caustiques dans des flacons d?eau minérale et stockés dans des endroits non appropriés. La prévention consiste à l?éducation des populations pour éviter la survenue de ces accidents


Subject(s)
Accidents, Home/prevention & control , Child, Hospitalized , Congo , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Sodium Hydroxide/poisoning
11.
Rev. odontol. UNESP (Online) ; 45(4): 234-239, July-Aug. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-795232

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study evaluated four types of pH adjustment of the coconut water (CW) on viability of human fibroblasts (HFF). Material and method: Natural and industrialized CW were adjusted to pH 7.0 using: (1) Sodium Hidroxide (NaOH), (2) Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), (3) Triethanolamine (C6H15NO3), (4) 2-Amino-2-Methil-1-Propanol (C4H11NO). Fibroblasts were plated at 2×104/ well in 96 well plates and maintained in the CW solutions for 2 h and 4 h. Positive control was represented by HFF maintained in DMEM and the negative control by tap water. Cell viability was analyzed by MTT formazan method. Data were analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's and Dunnet's test. Result: There are no significant effect on the cell viability regarding type of CW, period of evaluation, and the interactions between CW and period of evaluation, CW and pH adjustment method, pH adjustment method and period of evaluation (p>0.05). Conclusion The product used for CW pH adjustment did not influenced HFF viability, thought there are a tendency of better performance in natural CW.


Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de quatro tipos de substâncias usadas para ajuste do pH da água de coco (AC) sobre a viabilidade de fibroblastos humanos (HFF). Material e método: O pH da AC natural e industrializada foi ajustado para pH 7,0 utilizando: (1) Hidróxido de Sódio (NaOH), (2) bicarbonato de sódio (NaHCO3), (3) Trietanolamina (C6H15NO3), (4) 2-Amino-2- Methil-1-propanol (C4H11NO). Células HFF foram plaqueadas em 2×104 células/poço em placas de 96 poços e mantidas nas diferentes soluções de AC acima durante 2 h e 4 h. Controle positivo foi representado por HFF mantidas em DMEM e o controle negativo por água da torneira. A viabilidade celular foi avaliada pelo método de MTT Formazan. Os dados foram analisados por 3-way ANOVA seguido pelo teste de Tukey e Dunnett. Resultado: A viabilidade celular não é influenciada pelo período de avaliação, e as interações entre AC e período de avaliação, AC e método de ajuste de pH, método de ajuste de pH e período de avaliação (p> 0,05). Conclusão: O produto utilizado para ajuste do pH não interfere na viabilidade de FH, embora, haja uma tendência de melhor desempenho em AC natural.


Subject(s)
Tooth Avulsion , In Vitro Techniques , Cell Survival , Analysis of Variance , Foods Containing Coconut , Fibroblasts , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Sodium Hydroxide , Water , Sodium Bicarbonate
12.
Journal of Surgical Academia ; : 12-17, 2016.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-629485

ABSTRACT

This was a prospective study comparing the cost implications between two carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbers, soda lime (Intersurgical) and AMSORB® PLUS. The study was conducted over two 4-week periods in two dedicated operating theatres using Datex Ohmeda Aestiva/5 anaesthetic machines. AMSORB® PLUS was used during the first four weeks and soda lime (Intersurgical) the following four weeks. General anaesthesia was administered as routinely done but fresh gas flow (FGF) during the maintenance phase was limited to a maximum flow of 2 L/min. The CO2 absorber was only changed when there was evidence of exhaustion. Total duration of anaesthesia, sevoflurane (bottles) and CO2 absorber (kg) consumption, and amount of waste product (kg) was calculated at the end of each study period. The total cost of delivering general anaesthesia was lower in the AMSORB® PLUS group, RM82.40 (USD19.89)/hour versus the soda lime group, RM91.50 (USD 22.09)/hour (p=0.17), which translates to a 10% reduction in cost per hour. Reduction in sevoflurane consumption in the AMSORB® PLUS compared to the soda lime group was also not statistically significant (p=0.22). The only significant finding was the reduction in CO2 absorber consumption in the AMSORB® PLUS group as compared to soda lime group (p=0.001). In conclusion, AMSORB® PLUS consumption was significantly reduced compared to that of soda lime. However, the use of AMSORB® PLUS did not significantly reduce sevoflurane consumption nor the total cost of delivering general anaesthesia. Given the superior safety profile, AMSORB® PLUS may be a suitable, cost-effective alternative to soda lime in the daily practice of anaesthesia.


Subject(s)
Sodium Hydroxide
13.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 31(4): 1200-1204, july/aug. 2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-964593

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to develop a pollen preparation methodology with a high proportion of intact pollen of species for the genus Passiflora subg. Passiflora. Thus, flower buds were collected near anthesis, from the species: P. alata, P. edulis, P. foetida, P. giberti, and P. setacea, fixed in ethanol-acetic acid mixture (3:1) and treated in 10%-20% aqueous sodium hydroxide, or acetolyzed. The pollen treated with 10% sodium hydroxide resulted in an average of 96% intact pollen grains in all species, however, after acetolysis an average percentage of 98% broken pollen was observed. Data obtained in pollen measurements did not change with the new methodology. It is therefore evident that the proposed methodology for pollen preparation based on sodium hydroxide was effective, as it allowed the visualization of a significant amount of intact pollen, thus promoting morpho-palynological studies of these species.


Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar uma metodologia, para obter preparos polínicos com alta frequência de polens íntegros de espécies representantes do gênero Passiflora subg. Passiflora. Dessa forma, botões florais foram coletados, próximo à antese, das seguintes espécies: P. alata, P. edulis, P. foetida, P. giberti e P. setacea, fixado em solução etanol-ácido acético (3:1) e tratado em solução aquosa de hidróxido de sódio (10 e 20%) ou acetolisados, independentemente. Os preparos palinológicos, quando tratados com hidróxido de sódio a 10%, evidenciaram, em todas as espécies, média de 96% de polens íntegros, em contrapartida, quando acetolisados foi observada uma percentagem média de 98% de polens rompidos. Os dados referentes a mensurações polínicas não sofreram alterações com a nova metodologia. Evidencia-se, dessa forma, que a metodologia proposta, para preparações polínicas à base de hidróxido de sódio, foi eficiente, pois promoveu a visualização de uma quantidade significativa de polens íntegros, favorecendo assim o estudo da morfologia polínica nessas espécies.


Subject(s)
Pollen , Sodium Hydroxide , Passiflora , Passifloraceae
14.
Full dent. sci ; 6(22): 216-221, mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-754387

ABSTRACT

Este trabalho avaliou a influência do tratamento de superfície na dentina radicular na resistência de união com pinos de fibra de vidro e cimento resinoso autoadesivo. Coletou-se 120 dentes incisivos inferiores bovinos dos quais 30 foram selecionados e tiveram suas coroas cortadas, permanecendo o remanescente radicular de 16 mm. Foi realizado o tratamento endodôntico e preparo intracanal para o pino, com profundidade de 8 mm para cimentação com cimento resinoso autoadesivo. As amostras foram divididas, randomicamente, em três grupos, segundo o tipo de tratamento de superfície, para limpeza intracanal após o preparo para cimentação: Grupo I - água destilada; Grupo II - EDTA 17% e Grupo III - clorexidina 0,12%. Os corpos de prova formados pelo conjunto dente-pino foram cortados no terço cervical, médio e apical, obtendo espécimes com 2,0 mm de espessura. Os espécimes foram levados à máquina de ensaios universal com velocidade de 0,5 mm/min para teste de resistência ao cisalhamento æpush-outÆ. A análise dos resultados foi feita com o teste ANOVA e Teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Os efeitos da água destilada, clorexidina 0,12% e EDTA 17% foram diferentes no tratamento superficial da dentina radicular, havendo diferença na resistência de união entre pinos de fibra de vidro e cimento resinoso autoadesivo nos terços cervical (p<0,013) e médio (p<0,026), sendo que o grupo da clorexidina 0,12% teve os melhores resultados. Isto permite sugerir novo protocolo de cimentação, com ação desinfetante (clorexidina), sem comprometer a resistência de união...


This study has evaluated the influence of different root canal dentin pre-treatments on the bond strength of radicular glass fiber posts. One hundred twenty bovine lower incisors were collecte. Thirty of them were selected and had their roots sectioned 16 mm from their apices. , Endodontic treatment and post space preparation to 8 mm deep were performed for cementation with self-adhesive resin cement. Samples were randomly divided into three according to surface treatments: Group I - irrigation with distilled water; Group II - irrigation with 17% EDTA; and Group III - irrigation with 0.12% chlorhexidine. Roots were then cut into 3 discs of 2 mm thick each and separated according to the region into cervical, medial and apical discs. A push-out bond strength test was performed by a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tuckey test (p<0.05). Mean bond strength values showed significant difference between the groups in the cervical region (p<0.013) and medial region (p<0.026), that suggest a new bond protocol with disinfectant effect using 0.12% chlorhexidine without negative impact on bond strength...


Subject(s)
Cattle , Dental Pulp Cavity , Dental Cements/chemistry , Dentin , Incisor/anatomy & histology , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Tensile Strength , Analysis of Variance , Chlorhexidine/chemistry , Sodium Hydroxide/chemistry
15.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; abr. 2015. 198 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-836667

ABSTRACT

A aparência dos cabelos é de fundamental importância na sociedade atual. Estando em moda, cabelos mais lisos e com menos volume, os consumidores que antes os alisavam com produtos químicos e força mecânica, passaram a utilizar um tratamento térmico, além do secador de cabelos: as piastras ("chapinhas") que atuam em valores de temperatura ao redor de 230°C. Esse procedimento ocasiona além dos danos mecânicos e químicos também dano térmico, tornando os cabelos ainda mais fragilizados. O escopo deste estudo foi avaliar o dano na fibra capilar, de amostras não tratadas e nas que receberam aplicação de alisantes/relaxantes tradicionais e alternativos. O estudo foi dividido em cinco capítulos que avaliam: aplicação dos alisantes/relaxantes com ingredientes ativos distintos; danos mecânicos, perda Protéica; análise térmica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. As amostras de cabelo utilizadas em todos os estudos foram tratadas como descrito no primeiro capítulo. Foram aplicados produtos comerciais contendo os seguintes ingredientes ativos: Hidróxido de Sódio, Tioglicolato de Amônio, Hidróxido de Guanidina (reação de hidróxido de cálcio com carbonato de guanidina), formaldeído e ácido glioxílico isolado e em combinação com carbocisteína. O uso de formaldeído e ácido glioxilico em formulações de alisantes/relaxantes está proibido pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Todos os produtos aplicados alisaram os cabelos; os procedimentos que utilizaram a piastra tornaram os fios mais lisos. Os alisantes/relaxantes à base de ácido glioxilico e formaldeído reduziram de forma expressiva a tensão de ruptura dos cabelos tornando-os mais frágeis. A maior perda protéica foi observada na amostra tratada com carbocisteína (1,74 mg/g cabelo). Nos estudos de análise térmica, na fase de desidratação a amostra tratada com carbocisteína apresentou maior perda de massa (15,17%); na fase de denaturação da proteína, a tratada com hidróxido de sódio (51,06%); e na fase de eliminação do material carbonáceo, todas as amostras apresentaram perda de massa maior que a amostra não tratada; as menores temperaturas de pico foram as das amostras sem tratamento alisante (630°C) e ácido glioxílico (640°C). Observando-se as imagens de microscopia eletrônica nota-se modificação nas bordas das cutículas das amostras indicando que sofreram agressão; o hidróxido de guanidina deixou adicionalmente resíduo; as amostras tratadas com ácido glioxílico e formaldeído apresentaram a formação de filme superficial como um "envelopamento" da fibra. Os resultados sugerem que não há predominância de um procedimento mais danoso que os demais; porém os que utilizaram a piastra (alisamentos/relaxamento ácidos) acentuaram os danos


The appearance of the hair is of fundamental importance in today's society. Being in fashion, hair straight and with less volume, consumers that before straighted hair with chemicals products and mechanical strength began to use a heat treatment, in addition to hair dryers: the hot plates ("chapinhas") acting on temperature values around 230°C. This procedure causes not only mechanical and chemical damage but also thermal one, making the hair more fragile. The scope of this study was to evaluate the damage to the hair fiber, in untreated samples and these receiving straighteners/relaxers application of traditional and alternative products.The study was divided into five chapters that evaluated: application of straighteners/relaxers with different active ingredients; mechanical damage, protein loss; thermal analysis and scanning electron microscopy. The hair samples used in all studies were treated as described in the chapter one. Commercial products containing the following active ingredients were used: Sodium Hydroxide, Ammonium Thioglycolate, Guanidine Hydroxide (calcium hydroxide reaction with guanidine carbonate), Formaldehyde and Glyoxylic Acid alone and in combination with Carbocysteine. The use of Formaldehyde andGlyoxylicAcid in straightening/relaxing formulations are prohibited by the National Agency for Sanitary Vigilance. All applied products, straight the hair samples; the procedures that used the hot plates become the hair more straight. The straightening/relaxing based on Glyoxylic Acid and Formaldehyde reduced significantly the hair break point making them more fragile. Most protein loss was observed in the sample treated with Carbocysteine (1.74mg/g hair).In the thermal analysis studies at the dewatering stage, Carbocystein treated samples showed greater weight loss(15.17%), at the protein denaturation stage this treated with Sodium Hydroxide (51.06%) and in the carbonaceous material elimination phase all samples showed mass loss greater than the untreated sample;. The lower peak temperatures were observed in the samples without treatment (630°C) and with Glyoxylic Acid (640°C). Observing the images of electron microscopy is noted the change in the cuticle aspect of the samples showing that the edges were damaged, Guanidine Hydroxide, left further residue: the samples treated with Glyoxylic Acid and Formaldehyde showed the formation of surface film as an "enveloping" fiber. The results suggest that there is not a predominance of a more harmful treatment than other, but those using hot plates(straightening/relaxing acids) emphasize the damage


Subject(s)
Thermic Treatment , /analysis , Hair/chemistry , Hair Preparations/adverse effects , Sodium Hydroxide/adverse effects , Thioglycolates/adverse effects , In Vitro Techniques/instrumentation , Guanidine , Cosmetics , Formaldehyde
16.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 31(1): 204-214, jan./fev. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-963764

ABSTRACT

No presente estudo objetivou-se avaliar a degradação do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BCA) integral (BIN) ou hidrolisado (BH) pela microbiota ruminal de caprinos e ovinos de raças naturalizadas do Nordeste brasileiro e o potencial desses animais como fontes de microrganismos e/ou enzimas celulolíticas para degradação da fibra do BCA. Para hidrólise do BCA foi utilizada uma solução de NaOH a 50%, 30% na matéria seca (MS). Foram determinadas as concentrações de MS, proteína bruta (PB), cinzas (CZ), fibra detergente neutro (FDN), fibra detergente ácido (FDA), celulose (Cel), hemicelulose (Hcel) e lignina (Lig). A degradação in situ da FDN do BH foi determinada pela incubação ruminal em sacos de náilon nos tempos: 0, 6, 24 e 96 horas. A técnica de duas etapas preconizada por Tilley e Terry foi utilizada para determinar a digestibilidade in vitro da MS (DIVMS). Foi coletado conteúdo ruminal dos animais quatro horas após a infusão de 100g de BIN via fístula ruminal para a separação de microrganismos associados às fases líquida e sólida, utilizando filtragem e extração com tampão fosfato de sódio 50 mM e pH 6,9, respectivamente. A fração sólida foi submetida ao cultivo in vitro com o substrato BIN, por 96 horas, para determinação da taxa de degradação da MS, FDN e atividade celulolítica. O pH foi determinado nos tempos de cultivo de 24, 48 e 96 horas. O pré-tratamento com NaOH aumentou a DIVMS (P<0,05). Não houve efeito de espécie sobre a DIVMS (P>0,05). A inclusão de NaOH aumentou a degradação in situ da FDN, apresentando os ovinos menor tempo de colonização (TC). Houve solubilização da Hcel, da Cel e da Lig no BCA pré-tratado com NaOH. A atividade celulolítica se concentrou na fração sólida independente da espécie doadora do inóculo, sendo observado crescimento microbiano no cultivo in vitro do BIN a partir dessa fração. O pH aumentou com o tempo de cultivo in vitro. Microrganismos ruminais de caprinos e ovinos naturalizados do Nordeste brasileiro colonizaram e degradaram o BIN e BH. O NaOH pode ser utilizado no pré-tratamento alcalino do BCA.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biodegradation of sugar cane bagasse (SCB), whole (WB) or hydrolyzed (HB) by ruminal microorganisms from Brazilian naturalized goat and sheep breeds, and the animals' potential as a source of microorganisms and/or cellulolytic enzymes for the biodegradation of SCB fiber. SCB hydrolysis was performed using 50% sodium hydroxide solution on 30% of dry matter (DM). The concentrations of DM, crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose (Cel), hemicellulose (Hcel) and lignin (Lig) were determined in the WB and HB. For the in situ biodegradation of NDF, the HB was placed in nylon bags and incubated in rumen for 0, 6, 24 and 96 hours. The two-step technique recommended by Tilley and Terry was used to determine the in vitro digestibility of DM (IVDDM). Four hours after infusion of WB (100 g) through the ruminal fistula, the rumen content was collected from the animals and the microorganisms associated with the liquid and solid phases were separated, the former by filtration and the latter by extraction with 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.9. The solid fraction was subjected to in vitro culture with WB substrate for 96 hours to determine the biodegradation rate of DM, NDF and cellulolytic activity. The pH was measured after culture times of 24, 48 and 96 hours. Pretreatment with NaOH increased the IVDDM (P <0.05). No species effect on the IVDDM was detected (P> 0.05). The addition of NaOH increased the in situ biodegradation rate of NDF, with sheep showing a lower lag time (LT). There was a solubilization of Hcel, Cel and Lig in SCB pretreated with NaOH. Cellulolytic activity was higher in the solid phase, irrespective of the inoculum source, and microbial growth was observed in in vitro cultures using microorganisms from the solid phase and WB as substrate. The pH of the in vitro culture increased over time. Ruminal microorganisms from Brazilian naturalized goat and sheep breeds successfully colonized and biodegraded both WB and HB. Sodium hydroxide proved useful as an alkaline pretreatment for SCB.


Subject(s)
Sodium Hydroxide , Ruminants , Sheep , Saccharum , Enzymes
18.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 1459-1467, 2015.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-337475

ABSTRACT

In order to explore the possibility of Jerusalem artichoke stalk for bioenergy conversion, we analyzed the main composition of whole stalk, pitch, and core of the stalk. Meanwhile, these parts were pretreated with different NaOH concentrations at 121 degrees C. Afterwards, enzymatic hydrolysis was performed to evaluate the pretreatment efficiency. Jerusalem artichoke stalk was characterized by relatively high lignin content (32.0%) compared with traditional crop stalks. The total carbohydrate content was close to that of crop stalks, but with higher cellulose content (40.5%) and lower hemicellulose (19.6%) than those of traditional crop stalks. After pretreatment, the lignin content in the whole stalk, pitch, and core decreased by 13.1%-13.4%, 8.3%-13.5%, and 19.9%-27.2%, respectively, compared with the unpretreated substrates. The hemicellulose content in the whole stalk, pitch, and core decreased 87.8%-96.9%, 87.6%-95.0%, and 74.0%-90.2%, respectively. Correspondingly, the cellulose content in the pretreated whole stalk, pitch, and core increased by 56.5%-60.2%, 52.2%-55.4%, and 62.7%-73.2%, respectively. Moreover, increase of NaOH concentration for pretreatment could improve the enzymatic hydrolysis of the whole stalk and pitch by 2.3-2.6 folds and 10.3-18.5 folds, respectively. The hydrolysis of pretreated stalk core decreased significantly as 2.0 mol/L NaOH was employed, although the increased NaOH concentration can also improve its hydrolysis performance. Based on these results, hot-NaOH can be regarded as an option for Jerusalem artichoke stalk pretreatment. Increasing NaOH concentration was beneficial to hemicellulose and lignin removal, and consequently improved sugar conversion. However, the potential decrease of sugar conversion of the pretreated core by higher NaOH concentration suggested further optimization on the pretreatment conditions should be performed.


Subject(s)
Biofuels , Cellulose , Chemistry , Helianthus , Chemistry , Hot Temperature , Hydrolysis , Lignin , Chemistry , Plant Stems , Chemistry , Polysaccharides , Chemistry , Sodium Hydroxide , Chemistry
19.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 32(2): 286-290, 06/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-718522

ABSTRACT

To describe a case of genital burn which raised the suspicion of maltreatment (sexual abuse and neglect by lack of supervision). CASE DESCRIPTION: An infant was taken to the Emergency Room of a pediatric hospital with an extensive burn in the vulva and perineum. The mother claimed the burn had been caused by a sodium-hydroxide-based product. However, the injury severity led to the suspicion of sexual abuse, which was then ruled out by a multidisciplinary team, based on the consistent report by the mother. Besides, the lesion type matched those caused by the chemical agent involved in the accident and the family context was evaluated and considered adequate. The patient had a favorable outcome and was discharged after four days of hospitalization. Outpatient follow-up during six months after the accident enabled the team to rule out neglect by lack of supervision. COMMENTS: Accidents and violence are frequent causes of physical injuries in children, and the differential diagnosis between them can be a challenge for healthcare workers, especially in rare clinical conditions involving patients who cannot speak for themselves. The involvement of a multidisciplinary trained team helps to have an adequate approach, ensuring child protection and developing a bond with the family; the latter is essential for a continued patient follow-up...


Describir un caso de quemadura de los genitales que llevó a la sospecha de malos tratos (abuso sexual y negligencia de supervisión). DESCRIPCIÓN DEL CASO: Lactante fue llevada a la Emergencia de un hospital pediátrico por lesión extensa en región de la vulva y entre la vagina y el ano. La madre alegaba quemadura por producto a base de soda cáustica, pero la gravedad de la lesión llevó el equipo a sospechar de abuso sexual. La sospecha fue alejada por equipo multidisciplinario con base en el relato consistente de la madre, en el tipo de lesión compatible con el agente químico implicado en el accidente y en la evaluación del contexto de vida familiar. El cuadro clínico evolucionó de manera satisfactoria, siendo dada alta después de cuatro días de internación. El seguimiento ambulatorial en los seis meses posteriores permitió alejar también una posible situación de negligencia de supervisión, con base en la historia previa del niño, en su estado de salud y en la observación de los vínculos familiares existentes y de los cuidados dispensados por la familia a lo largo del tiempo. COMENTARIOS: Accidentes y violencia son causas frecuentes de lesiones físicas en niños, siendo el diagnóstico diferencial de ambos un desafío para los profesionales, especialmente frente a cuadros clínicos raros en pacientes que todavía no verbalizan. La actuación de equipo multidisciplinario con profesionales instrumentalizados para ese tipo de atención ayuda en la conducción adecuada, garantizando la protección del niño y la creación de vínculo con la familia, lo que es esencial para un posterior seguimiento que haga viable la observación continuada del caso...


Descrever um caso de queimadura de genitália que levou à suspeita de maus-tratos (abuso sexual e negligência de supervisão). DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Lactente foi levada à Emergência de um hospital pediátrico por lesão extensa em região vulvar e entre a vagina e o ânus. A mãe alegava queimadura por produto à base de soda cáustica, mas a gravidade da lesão levou a equipe a suspeitar de abuso sexual. A suspeita foi afastada por equipe multidisciplinar com base no relato consistente da mãe, no tipo de lesão compatível com o agente químico envolvido no acidente e na avaliação do contexto de vida familiar. O quadro clínico evoluiu satisfatoriamente, sendo dada alta após quatro dias de internação. O acompanhamento ambulatorial nos seis meses posteriores permitiu afastar também uma possível situação de negligência de supervisão. COMENTÁRIOS: Acidentes e violência são causas frequentes de lesões físicas em crianças, sendo o diagnóstico diferencial de ambos um desafio para os profissionais, especialmente diante de quadros clínicos raros em pacientes que ainda não verbalizam. A atuação de equipe multidisciplinar com profissionais instrumentalizados para esses atendimentos ajuda na condução adequada, garantindo a proteção da criança e a criação de vínculo com a família, o que é essencial para o acompanhamento continuado do caso...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant , Accidents, Home/prevention & control , Genitalia/injuries , Sodium Hydroxide , Burns, Chemical , Child Abuse
20.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 90(2): 149-154, Mar-Apr/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-709815

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the handling and risk factors for poisoning and/or digestive tract injuries associated with the use of sanitizing products at home. METHODS: interviews were conducted in 419 households from different regions, collecting epidemiological data from residents and risk habits related to the use and storage of cleaning products. RESULTS: sanitizing products considered to be a health risk were found in 98% of the households where the research was conducted, and in 54% of cases, they were stored in places easily accessible to children. Lye was found in 19%, followed by illicit products in 39% of homes. In 13% of households, people produced soap, and in 12% they stored products in non-original containers. The use of illicit products and the manufacture of handmade soap were associated with lower educational level of the household owners and with the regions and socioeconomic classes with lower purchasing power. CONCLUSIONS: risk practices such as inadequate storage, manufacturing, and use of sanitizing products by the population evidence the need for public health policies, including educational measures, as a means of preventing accidents. .


OBJETIVOS: avaliar a forma de utilização e os fatores de risco para intoxicações e/ou lesões do trato digestório associados ao uso dos produtos saneantes no domicílio. MÉTODOS: foram realizadas entrevistas em 419 domicílios de diferentes regiões, estabelecendo-se dados epidemiológicos dos moradores e hábitos de risco relacionados à utilização e armazenamento dos produtos de limpeza. RESULTADOS: dos domicílios onde foi realizada a pesquisa, havia produtos saneantes considerados de risco em 98%, sendo que em 54% dos casos, eles estavam armazenados em locais de fácil acesso para crianças. A soda cáustica estava disponível em 19% e os produtos "clandestinos" em 39% das moradias. Em 13% dos domicílios havia o hábito de fazer sabão e em 12% de armazenar os produtos fora da embalagem original. O uso de produtos clandestinos e a fabricação artesanal de sabão estavam associados à baixa escolaridade das donas das casas e às regiões e às classes econômicas de poder aquisitivo mais baixo. CONCLUSÕES: práticas de risco como armazenamento, fabricação e utilização inadequados de produtos saneantes pela população estudada apontam para a necessidade de políticas de saúde pública, incluindo medidas educacionais, como forma de prevenção de acidentes. .


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Accidents, Home/prevention & control , Caustics/toxicity , Gastrointestinal Diseases/chemically induced , Household Products/poisoning , Product Packaging , Sodium Hydroxide/toxicity , Brazil , Consumer Product Safety , Educational Status , Risk Factors , Safety , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires
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